Japanese Passive forms are used as the passive voice and honorific expressions. In the function of the passive voice, there are direct and indirect passive voices. The Japanese indirect passive is very unique. The indirect passive voice is sometimes called disaster passive, suffering passive, or unplesant passive etc.
[Direct passive]
私のケーキは弟に食べられました。わたしのケーキはおとうとにたべられました。
My cake was eaten by my little brother.
[Indirect Passive]
私は弟にケーキを食べられました。わたしはおとうとにケーキをたべられました。
I was annoyed that my little brother ate my cake.
Conjugation Rule:
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Long form Quiz
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Short form Quiz
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Irregular Verbs |
する→される くる→こられる |
Irregular verb
Quiz 1 |
Irregular verb
Quiz 1 |
RU-verbs |
Stem + られる* |
Ru-verb/ Vowel verb
Quiz 1 |
RU-verb / Vowel verb
Quiz 1 |
U-verbs |
Drop final -u, add -areru.
or Change the last syllable to a-row syllable and add れる
う ending verbs become “stem”+われる |
U-verb / Consonant verb
Quiz 1 |
U-verb / Consonant verb
Quiz 1 |
*The passive form and the potential form of RU-verbs are the same form. While ら is sometimes droped in the potential forms known as らぬきことば、ら is never dropped in passive forms.
Passive forms conjugate like RU-verb/ Vowel verb.
Long form |
Affirmative |
Negative |
Non- Past |
Passive long form
たべられます |
Passive Negative Long form
Quiz 1
たべられません |
Past |
Passive past long form
Quiz 1
Quiz 2
たべられました
|
Passive past negative long form
Quiz 1
たべられませんでした |
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Short form |
Affirmative |
Negative |
Non-past |
Passive short form
たべられる |
Passive Nai-form
Quiz 1
たべられない |
Past |
Passive Ta-form
Quiz 1
Quiz 2
たべられた |
Passive past negative form
Quiz 1
たべられなかった |
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Passive Te-form
Quiz 1
Quiz 2 |
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